Die Technologie, die die Welt veränderte - 50 Jahre Internet

1. 00:00When we deal with the Internet, there are of course also questions, how does our life change?
2. 00:07Are we the drivers of digital transformation? Or are we the driven ones?
3. 00:12So the 50 years, an insanely short time historically, where our life, our society, is changing very significantly.
4. 00:22So here's some food for thought, some food for thought, please follow up and discuss it further.
5. 00:31So digitization, originally it was of course quite clear the conversion of analogue information into digital formats, that is, things and data stored in zero/one with bits,
6. 00:46Today, however, this term is actually used in a much broader sense.
7. 00:53We are talking about digital technologies and mine, that actually the whole change,
8. 00:59by the advent of computer technology and the Internet into our lives, in our society, culture, education and politics, that we use the term digital transformation of society.
9. 01:16There were also statements like digital revolution, digital transformation is more accurate, in my opinion,
10. 01:23because this is a process of change, ...which then always happens in batches, ...but it's not the time to turn everything upside down overnight,
11. 01:34but rather insidiously, in many places initially unnoticed, - you're happy to use a cell phone - what the consequences are that this will actually become visible later.
12. 01:46So the ongoing digitalization, that has a great influence on how we live, how we shape our lives, how we feel, what our professional life looks like, what interaction with other people looks like.
13. 02:01And then there's the real question, whether we are the drivers or we are driven, legitimately.
14. 02:09So the increasing use of information and communication technologies has sunny sides, very, very many sunny sides, but also has shadow sides.
15. 02:17Let's take a look at some of these areas: Private life, well, there's the new forms of communication, ...the possibilities that are created.
16. 02:29So I remember, before social media, before the Internet came up, I was waiting in line at a phone booth.
17. 02:39Today, with the social media, from the smartphone, from the computer, before the social media, but already the digital time, chat rooms, PC messenger services that were available there.
18. 02:53Today then this mobile, cross-platform messenger, which can be used to communicate with family, with friends, to be in direct exchange with work colleagues.
19. 03:04So WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, Snapchat, Slack, RocketChat, well, there are a number of very popular services.
20. 03:13These are used to exchange private messages, also photos, videos, holiday memories, travel things, but also for group chats, in the family, with friends.
21. 03:26And new messengers with new functionalities are constantly coming onto the market.
22. 03:32In the short history of the Internet has the advent of social media, social media will revolutionize communication even further.
23. 03:43Instagram, Twitter, blogs, wikis are all there, especially also in a communication, now not among friends but in public.
24. 03:53News portals and the availability of these news portals, the variety of news portals, the immediate possibility to inform yourself about current events, so that has changed a lot in our personal lives.
25. 04:10You always have to take a closer look at these portals, they then differ in their topicality, in their political orientation, in their intentions, in how reliable the information is.
26. 04:24So this is something that has changed our private life through digitalization, how we organize our daily lives.
27. 04:32So how we store photos and data, i.e. the traditional photo albums and the use of cameras,
28. 04:40which is almost completely replaced by taking pictures with a smartphone, saving in the cloud and then at the touch of a button, to print out such photobooks for gifts.
29. 04:54The navigation apps, you can hardly see any road maps anymore, Maps that are used when travelling.
30. 05:02No, this is all done with the apps and much faster and much more accurate.
31. 05:05That a piece of orientation is also lost in the process, because you can't really see the connections anymore, is on the other side.
32. 05:13The organization, now not only, how do I get from A to B, but also the procurement of travel tickets, the alarm I get when there's a delay in transportation,
33. 05:24the new seat assignment in the aircraft are aids to travel and change the way we travel.
34. 05:32But also in the little things in life, the digital To Do lists, Shopping lists that can be kept there, and much more.
35. 05:41Finally, when we look at the impact of digitisation in private life, the topic of health, the topic of self-determined life is a very important one.
36. 05:52So in medicine, many things that are only made possible by IT technology, Telemedicine application, the modern e-health applications, digital innovations in medical technology.
37. 06:03The way data is generated, how data is evaluated, that affect our health.
38. 06:09The entire Digital Health division, which will become very important in the coming years.
39. 06:14The question, self-determined life, living also in old age, i.e. assistance systems, intelligent home technology, which offers possibilities here, that were unimaginable years ago.
40. 06:27Safe mobility, autonomous driving and much more.
41. 06:32There are also many applications and apps for the area of hobbies, creativity, for example the creation and editing of music, of drawings, of photos, of books, of games.
42. 06:53So there, you know all this, a lot has happened.
43. 06:57But digitisation is not only changing our private lives, but - perhaps even more so - our professional life.
44. 07:03In other words, global, modern corporate networks, worldwide networks, that make this possible even then, because in these modern times, it's just playing along,
45. 07:15if correspondingly modern hardware and software systems are in operation, if you want to do staff training, retraining, education, if you want to change work processes.
46. 07:30Typically, it's all about them running more stable, running more efficiently, these are important factors, how information is obtained, how is information transmitted?
47. 07:41New working models are possible through digitisation, so it is very easy to cooperate very closely across spatial distances.
48. 07:49For example to develop programs together, to create joint designs, to carry out joint planning,
49. 07:58completely new ways of organizing the work process, are in this changed world as the agile work processes flexible working places and times, for example, such topics as home office.
50. 08:16But social life is also changing among the possibilities offered by digitisation.
51. 08:25The topic, how does political information get into the people, how do you get feedback to those in power, what about elections?
52. 08:34Well, all these issues are being addressed by new technologies in a different way than in the past.
53. 08:41For example, a position paper of the parties or groups on certain topics, Inquiries, how is the voting behavior, which activities are well found in politics, which less.
54. 08:57For example Wahlomat, public appearances by politicians, they can also be followed remotely via the Internet, anytime, anywhere, they are recorded, can be forwarded, evaluated.
55. 09:10You can search there for promises or single sentences, which then, taken out of context, suddenly take on a whole new meaning.
56. 09:19You can do this in a very targeted way, send such information in a very targeted way, for example, to organize certain voting restrictions, to the point of outright disinformation campaigns.
57. 09:36So what becomes possible, for example, by analyzing there, what is it for users, what are their political attitudes, what does he like to hear and send it to him.
58. 09:47New forms of protest, especially now in the climate issue, are spreading, so it is very quickly possible that there will be calls for protests, that protests are organized, that events are organized.
59. 10:05This is then done via social media at an insane speed, and information can be retrieved in unlimited numbers from all over the world, unfortunately the quality of this information very often falls by the wayside.
60. 10:20These great processes of change in all areas of our lives of course, there are dark sides to this.
61. 10:28And a dark side, which is a recurring theme, is the question, is there a loss of privacy?
62. 10:35Of course, these technologies only work if my location is known, every interaction must inevitably leave technical traces, when a connection is established, when it is terminated.
63. 10:49So in this respect, all activities that take place with the inclusion of digital media, leave traces, and these traces can be evaluated and then provide information
64. 11:01about what man has done, what he is interested in, what was he watching for how long, who was he communicating with?
65. 11:08This is very often discussed under this term "the glass man".
66. 11:14So of course, the privacy rules and what our ideas, our social notions of privacy are changing.
67. 11:25They inevitably have to change, if we are to reap the benefits of digitisation.
68. 11:29Ask yourself if you would like to see in your smartphone.
69. 11:34This has a lot of advantages, you don't need to enter the location immediately when navigating, immediately you can see in your local area what restaurants are open or not.
70. 11:44But this only works because your phone is exactly the same as the phone company, the providers, the providers of this information will tell you where you are.
71. 11:57That means something used to be a private investigator, sneaking up behind you or driving around in a car in you, all this is visibly possible today thanks to the technical equipment.
72. 12:09How do we deal with this?
73. 12:10How do we deal with the fact that these new forms of communication also much more information, personal information ends up in the public eye, especially in the social media?
74. 12:24Sometimes I get scared and anxious when I see what people report on social media.
75. 12:30This tracking, the so-called tracking of activities, these are issues where society, where we have to rethink our approach,
76. 12:42there's a line we say no more from here on out, and then we give up on amenities,
77. 12:47or let's say, uh, privacy per se doesn't even matter anymore.
78. 12:52Second topic, which also has far-reaching consequences for personal life, the permanent accessibility and the unlikely dynamics, that comes into our lives through these digital technologies,
79. 13:07so immediate information about all news of this world, immediate information in the shortest possible time about family via the whole circle of friends, so that then the topic of addiction is already being discussed.
80. 13:22So the permanent looking up, what has happened again, what's new, even if it would be good, times the device, the smartphone a little out of hand.
81. 13:33This rapid development topic at all this pressure for change in society through the new media, ...that are speeding this whole thing up insanely.
82. 13:44In the past, it was somehow a very cosy topic with letters, to communicate and transmit information, that's how it's done every second these days.
83. 13:55It's starting to feel like I'm losing it, if you don't keep up with each of these developments immediately.
84. 14:04The sheer volume of information makes decisions more difficult, I get representations from all over the world, as they now see, for example, a conflict in a society.
85. 14:17And it's getting harder and harder to talk about this amount of detail to take a stand, to make a decision on your own.
86. 14:25The boundaries between leisure and work are disappearing, are increasingly disappearing.
87. 14:33Well, that's a problem for some people, some people don't mind, where then the work very much takes up their free time.
88. 14:41The private devices are used for professional purposes.
89. 14:45On the weekend, e-mails are answered, the smartphone is used to pass on any information for everyday business.
90. 14:53These are questions, the other topic is, well, these mobile technologies, the permanent presence of a smartphone makes it possible, of course, to reach anyone with a very high probability at any time.
91. 15:10This means permanent availability even outside working hours, even on holiday, is of course a feeling you have to learn to deal with.
92. 15:20So you have to be available, do you have to be accessible just because it's so easy today?
93. 15:27Does that make sense, in this maddeningly fast world. I've been off for two weeks?
94. 15:33So these are topics where we as humans have to learn, how we deal with it, where we want to draw boundaries and where to say well, this is the new world, we have many advantages, then we have to cope with it.
95. 15:46Unverified information spreading at an insane rate, create many problems in the physical world as well, that it stimulates confused people to read things on the net,
96. 16:05for example, in this area of hate speech, then somehow to take up arms in the physical world, to attack others, to invade
97. 16:16So this is a big social problem, what with these new technologies, with these changes, enters our lives with this digital transformation.
98. 16:25So inhuman statements, for example, what is connected under the Hate Speeches, against single persons or against groups.
99. 16:38Incitement, racial hatred, hatred, discrimination, so these are topics, where society does not yet have a good measure and does not have good means to deal with it.
100. 16:50We've talked about cyberbullying before, that's more likely to involve the attack on individuals.
101. 16:56Here at the Hate Speeches, it's right on whole groups of people of other nationality, other skin colour, other sex.
102. 17:04Now, of course, society is trying to keep up with this, is trying too, to influence new legislation to curb this.
103. 17:14Only, of course, are these procedures and processes to make new law, much slower than what we actually need on the Internet in acute situations.
104. 17:26Well, just to mention one thing, 2018 in Germany the law on improving law enforcement in social networks, the Network Enforcement Act was developed,
105. 17:40where attempts are being made to deal better with precisely such issues and then also to provide opportunities for tracking such Hate Speeches on the net, as is naturally possible in the physical world.
106. 17:54About one percent, one percent of users write hate comments.
107. 17:59So this is a large number, this is not just one individual, that's a terrible thing to read.
108. 18:06Especially when it comes to individual persons, who are usually in the public eye, when it comes to these shit storms instead of there being rational discussion, is then discredited with the means of the net because one person is abused, one idea is discredited.
109. 18:27So there we have to learn how to deal with that in the future, what we can do to keep this thing organized.
110. 18:35Fake news, alternative facts, then the polite euphemism for lying.
111. 18:41It goes right up to the highest political level that such means are used and very often on the grounds that it affects freedom of speech.
112. 18:52Even judges have drawn strange boundaries in the past, what is still allowed as freedom of opinion and what should have been assigned to the insults long ago.
113. 19:06If you take a step back, we are in a development process, it will also not be so fast that we can find answers to this changed situation, have completely found their way onto this digitalization of society.
114. 19:18According to my personal impression, this will take several generations, until we're properly prepared.
115. 19:24And we are the first generation, who is affected by this.
116. 19:27So we, as humanity, must learn how to deal with this new, fast, untrained digital world and how we can deal with it.
117. 19:37Stress that arises from this can have a negative effect on family life, mental and physical health can suffer, there may be feelings of exhaustion, feelings of burnout,
118. 19:53although I personally don't think every burnout is a burnout, but those are private opinions.
119. 19:59So we have to learn to deal with how we protect people there, who are particularly sensitive about how we help set rules, that such challenges are not so easy to make.
120. 20:14For example, in terms of availability, there should be rules and we have to think about it, until when should an employee still be available after work?
121. 20:25Should employees be reachable during vacation, If this is to apply to all employees, it should apply to certain employees,
122. 20:33you have to be available to your friends at any time of the day or night and can be called.
123. 20:41The area, how is private and professional communication access handled?
124. 20:52So employees should have access to their business e-mail account in their spare time, for example or their official channels of communication?
125. 21:02Or should that be the end of it? when they stop and the workday is over?
126. 21:08How much time - now again considered by the person - do you spend time in digital media?
127. 21:14Should this be regulated or how should it be handled?
128. 21:18So also the social challenges, that need to be found in dealing with the digital world, must be discussed, must be tested in society.
129. 21:31I always say, for these political regulations, in a fast world, you have to give more and more expiration dates, that a law initially only applies for two years, for example, as far as the digital world is concerned.
130. 21:45And when after two years no one even notices that the law no longer applies. then it probably wasn't even necessary.
131. 21:52But if you have noticed, for example, man, the law, that only addresses one aspect of a much larger issue,
132. 22:00then it's easy, and politics is forced, then to re-decide and re-cut, re-regulate.
133. 22:09There is of course a problem, that all these decision-making processes in society, especially in democracy, where there are also opportunities for appeal at every level,
134. 22:22they take a very, very long time and especially with innovations, that arise in the digital world, they often take too long.
135. 22:32Society must decide how to deal with this, in an authoritarian society, China for example,
136. 22:37the development of the Internet can proceed much more rapidly and the development of digital technologies, because since these broad appeal the population, which we consider to be very important and valuable.
137. 22:54How should politics and how can politics regulate the network?
138. 22:58I had just mentioned a thought that laws are always made with expiration dates, just to be forced to react to the speed there.
139. 23:09Topics such as the DSGVO, data protection law, European copyright law, Censorship of content, these are all topics that belong here.
140. 23:19Germany is rather lagging behind in the field of digitisation. We are complicated, we have long discussions, that is good, the discussions,
141. 23:32judge things morally, sometimes this is questionable, but then they are trying things out, what is it really like, when you make these things available, then again very slowly.
142. 23:43I am thinking of the areas of e-government, where in other countries it is of course not a problem, register a car via the Internet or manage other things in the administration via the network regardless of working hours and without queues.
143. 23:59School, the whole area of school, Germany is very much lagging behind, that the teacher has the possibility to use digital learning software in the classroom, if he thinks it makes sense.
144. 24:13That's not possible right now because of the infrastructure still given by the general conditions.
145. 24:21Discussions about the Digital Pact are bringing a little life into the debate, and the large health care sector.
146. 24:28However, many things are not easy to adjust at all, and it is the task of research, how can a good working relationship in private, professional and social life in the digital world?
147. 24:43What can be promoted at which points, what turns out to be a hindrance?
148. 24:47Where do we think that's kind of bad today, but the truth is, it's bad right now.
149. 24:52Where do we think it's great and the truth is, it's not great.
150. 24:56These are topics that also affect research.
151. 24:58As I said, we are the first generation in this digitalising world, there's no chance to say "Stop, we don't want digitization", but we must shape digitisation.
152. 25:11And this is a task that not only our generation, but also affects future generations, and in order to be able to shape
153. 25:20you need education, you need to know what's going on in the background.
154. 25:24How can I arrange my private life in this changing world, how can I arrange my family?
155. 25:32So these are issues that need to be discussed, gladly also in our discussion forum here at openHPI.

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